# Panasonic KX-TD816BX Hardware Insights

## Overview

{{ :telephony:toshiba_tmp68301af-12_cpu.jpg?200|}}

This system got not more than a few hundred KB's of RAM. System configuration is stored on a EEPROM. The CPU is a 68k chip (yeah, same as Macintosh computers and several embedded devices of the era). This unity got the TMP68301AF-12 variant of that chip, manufactured by Toshiba. 

The ROM complex is detachable, for reasons I deem unclear, since those chips are already seated on sockets. See below for more information on that detachable board. 
## ROM version

As mentioned below, this unit has P401 software, dating back to 1996. It's an old ROM. The system seems to not have more than 320 KB of RAM. By all hardware measures, it seems to map to at least version "-1", which also corroborated by [this](https://www.tek-tips.com/threads/need-rom-kx-td1232-dash-6.1789345/) and [this](https://forum.nortel.spb.ru/archive/forum-10-pbx/t-5622.html) posts: 

```
KX-TD816 Chip information:
-0 P011 Non-DPITS pre-DPITS 8MHz CPU. 2MB, RAM 256K
-0,5 P051I / first DPITS 8MHz CPU. 4MB, RAM 256K
-1 P401A / B DPITS 8MHz CPU. 4MB, RAM 256K (Suffix of Serial No. "N?"), RAM 1M (Suffix of Serial No. "O?")
-2 P301C / H 12MHz CPU. 8MB
-3 P301I / O / U 12MHz CPU. 8MB
-4 P311D / H
-5 P311K / M / P
-6 P311Q
-7 P311W
```

And [this webpage](https://komendant.pro/spr/viewthread/17334/#91783) also lists a fuckton of other versions. 

In addition to those sources, {{ :telephony:td1232-816detailedfeaturelistperversion.pdf |this document}} seems to confirm we got at least a `-1` unit. I used to believe I had `-4` software level because I was using a programming guide that seemed to be 1:1 with my ROM, but, in fact, I confirmed later that several newer features were missing. 

Critically, we're missing support for newer expansion cards, like the KX-TD193DX Caller ID card I've bought. Other than that, the losses are a bit minor. There are some features in that document that I kind of wanted, but none I can't live without (FFS, I could've even live without the central itself, so everything I got thus far is already pretty dope.) 

As for the Caller ID card, this is an adventure on it's own, and this KX-TD193DX card is basically the same card (TA123293) used by TA1232, the non-DPITS, older version of TD1232, from what I gather. TA1232 itself is a eerily similar project. I'm discussing those topics [[telephony:ta1232_td816_td1232_hw_arch#caller_identification_card|on a different article]].  

## ROM/RTC clock Board

{{:telephony:pqup10092zb.png|}}

This complex seems to be upgradeable (if you ever find that stuff.) Here we can find: 

- IC20: **P401A** (**_P401A_**60905A), first firmware, UV-EPROM, probably 27C801, according to [this post](https://www.tek-tips.com/threads/kx-td1232-eprom-memories.1563807/); 
- IC21: **P402A**, auxiliary UV-EPROM, probably also a 27C801; 
- IC24: **CXK581000AP-10LL**, or _131072-word × 8-bit High Speed CMOS Static RAM_, which seems to provide our system with healthy 128 KB; 
- IC25: **idem**, bringing the **total amount of RAM in this module to 256 KB**; 
- IC26: **OKI M6242B**, an RTC clock chip; 
- X2: **32.768 kHz crystal oscillator** for the RTC chip; 
- BAT: **CR2354 battery**, 3V, probaly of the /1GUF variant. 


### Problems

- The RTC battery is probably long dead and showing signs of oxidation on it's legs; 
- There's was a bad and mysterious corrosion under the RTC oscillator, that I've already removed, after taking this photo; 
- This same oscillator isn't operating reliably, sometimes it takes a while for the clock to start, well, _clocking_, and this component is probably the culprit; 



## Chips under ROM/RTC card

{{ :telephony:dsc_4214.jpg|}}

Two proprietary parts are to be found here: 

- IC2: **PQVI620890F**, according to TD816E service manual (that got the same part), it does «ASIC, Conferece, DTMF Generation, Tone Generation, P I/O Ports»; 
- IC19: **PQVI05JP031G**, also appears on TD816E in the same position (IC19), albeit with different part number, as «Conf. & Tone ROM», [also seems to be upgradeable](https://web.archive.org/web/20230411004757/http://www.888-6666.com/eprom_information.htm). 

Then we have: 

- IC3: **MT8981D**, didn't look much into it, but seems to be a codec; 
- IC22-IC2<unreadable>: **TC51832ASPL-85**, RAM chips, 32 KB each, don't know if they act as buffers for the audio system or if it's system RAM, TD816E also mentions RAM chips at IC22-IC23 and they seem to be connected to the system bus, don't know if the same holds true here; 
- IC8, IC15, IC18: also look like CODECs. 

If IC22-IC23(?) is really part of the system's memory, this brings the system to 320 KB of RAM, which we may agree is a **very** weird amount of RAM. Those systems are said to have either 256 KB or 1 MB, in the most recent revisions. 

This makes the system kind of an hybrid between -1 and -2, hardware-wise. The CPU smells like 12 MHz, judging by it's model suffix (the datasheet for it mentions 8~16 MHz sub-models), but the amount of RAM is very far behind even other models of -1 (cf. «ROM mysteries» above.)